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margareta capsia gavelinMargareta Capsia, född 1682 i Sverige, död 20 juni 1759 i Åbo, var en svensk-finländsk konstnär, den första kvinnliga konstnären i Finland och en av de första i Skandinavien. Hon var kyrkomålare och målade altartavlor, men utförde även personporträtt.
Capsias föräldrar Gottfried Capsia och Anna Schultz hade kommit till Sverige från Holland. Hon gifte sig i Stockholm 1719 med prästen Jacob Gavelin och flyttade till Vasa 1721, där hon gjorde sig känd som altarmålare i Österbotten. 1730 flyttade paret till Åbo, där hon blev känd i hela landet som konstnär. Hon målade altatavlorna i en rad kyrkor, bla målade hon 1739 Säkylä kyrkas altartavla, och i den gamla kyrkan i Paltamo, den så kallade bildkyrkan, finns bland annat en altartavla från 1727 som föreställer nattvarden. Hennes altartavlor beskrivs som individualistiska och naivt ärliga bibelillustrationer, och hon ansågs som landets då främsta altarkonstnärer tillsammans med Mikael Toppelius.
Hon var en av de få kvinnliga konstnärerna kända i Skandinavien före 1800-talet, tillsammans med Ulrika Pasch i Sverige och Johanne Marie Fosie i Danmark. I Finland var även Helena Arnell känd under samma tid.
Nicolas Maes1634-1693
Dutch Nicolas Maes Galleries
Nicolaes Maes, also known as Nicolaes Maas (January 1634, Dordrecht - buried November 24, 1693, Amsterdam) was a Dutch Baroque painter of genre and portraits.
Maes was the son of Gerrit Maes, a prosperous merchant, and Ida Herman Claesdr. In about 1648 he went to Amsterdam, where he entered Rembrandt's studio. Before his return to Dordrecht in 1653 Maes painted a few Rembrandtesque genre pictures, with life-size figures and in a deep glowing scheme of colour, like the Reverie at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Card Players at the National Gallery, and the Children with a Goat Carriage. So closely did his early style resemble that of Rembrandt, that the last-named picture, and other canvases in the Leipzig and Budapest galleries and in the collection of Lord Radnor, were or are still ascribed to Rembrandt.
In his best period, from 1655 to 1665, Maes devoted himself to domestic genre on a smaller scale, retaining to a great extent the magic of colour he had learnt from Rembrandt. Only on rare occasions did he treat scriptural subjects, as in Hagar's Departure, which has been ascribed to Rembrandt. His favorite subjects were women spinning, or reading the Bible, or preparing a meal.
While he continued to reside in Dordrecht until 1673, when he settled in Amsterdam, he visited or even lived in Antwerp between 1665 and 1667. His Antwerp period coincides with a complete change in style and subject. He devoted himself almost exclusively to portraiture, and abandoned the intimacy and glowing color harmonies of his earlier work for a careless elegance which suggests the influence of Van Dyck. So great indeed was the change, that it gave rise to the theory of the existence of another Maes, of Brussels.
Maes is well represented at the London National Gallery by five paintings: The Cradle, The Dutch Housewife, The Idle Servant, The Card Players, and a man's portrait. At Amsterdam, besides the splendid examples to be found at the Rijksmuseum, is the Inquisitive Servant of the Six collection. At Buckingham Palace is The Listening Girl (repetitions exist), and at Apsley House Selling Milk and The Listener. Other notable examples are at the Berlin, Brussels, St Petersburg, the Hague, Frankfort, Hanover and Munich galleries.
Johan Thimpainted Jørgen Rosenkrantz in 1640